The detection techniques used in biosensors can be broadly classified into label-based and label-free. label-free quantitative proteomics does not use a stable isotope for chemical binding and labeling of proteins. Proteins are first digested with a protease into a peptide mixture, and then they analyzed by Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and identified by database searching. It is suitable for the target molecules that are not labeled or the screening of analytes which are not easy to tag[1].
Figure 1 Label-free quantitative proteomics
Label-free method for quantitation may be the most straight-forward laboratory technique in the field. Comparison of isotope-labeled and unlabeled quantification as follows:
Category | Label-free | Labelled (iTRAQ/TMT) |
---|---|---|
Machine time | more | less |
Project cost | low | high |
Repeatability of samples | poor | better |
Data analysis | complex | complex |
Study design | flexible | fixed |
Demand for samples | little | more |
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